Tuesday, 13 November 2012

Pizza with Tomatoes, Parmesan, Mozzarella, Mushrooms, and Sausage

Pizza here in France can be good though being made and presented differently than to what I was accustomed in New York City, as in having crème fraîche sometimes substituting for tomatoes and of course containing various French cheeses like Gruyère.   Excellent pizza is usually sold from a specially dedicated truck or a kiosk often kept in permanent locations.  However, some restaurant chains, whose names I will not mention, should be ashamed of themselves, or at least the people who pay to eat the kept-hot-under-lamps sawdust crusts/canned fillings should be.


I miss seeing industrious NYC pizzaiolos adorned with their colourful neck bandanas as they energetically flip large circles of pliable dough while dewdrops of artisanale sweat moisten their earnest faces all the while smiling at their sidewalk admirers through the gleaming, plate-glass shop windows.  You just have to go in and get some of what they are making.

My pizza though inspired by the NYC style, that is, it boasts of a very thin and tasty crust and abundant cheese, is of course, not baked in a professional oven.  My home oven will only fit 8 inch pizzas, so the slices are not the typical over-sized triangles of NYC pizza.  Many people aspire to be NYC natives, but unless you can walk gracefully down a busy city while delicately folding a huge triangle in half and eating it without pausing in your stride or dribbling any of its molten ingredients down the front of you, then this jury of one will hold her verdict.

Ingredients
Makes two 20 cm pizzas plus extra dough to be frozen for two more 20 cm pizzas.

  • Flour, white, 425 grams
  • Olive oil, extra virgin, 1 T
  • Salt, preferably coarse, 1 tsp
  • Yeast, active dry, 2 tsp
  • sugar, 1.5 tsp 
  • Water, warm, about 250 ml
  • Tomatoes, plum, fresh or canned, about 6
  • Mozarella, sliced thinly, approx 300 grams, about 22 slices,
  • Parmesan, grated, 1/2 cup*
  • Sausages, sweet Italian or Toulouse, removed from casings, sauteed, two
  • Mushrooms, fresh or frozen, lightly sauteed in olive oil, 1 cup* (canned may be used, but they will taste less appetising;  frozen mushrooms can release a lot of liquid, so drain them and use their juices for broth)
* based on the American measure of 8 oz 

Equipment

  • Pastry board or glass chopping board which will also be used as a peel to place safely the pizzas into a hot oven
  • Silicon or very thick cloth oven mitts/potholder
  • Resistant-to-high-temperature shallow oven pans or a pizza stone
  • Oven-proof parchment paper
  • Mixer with dough hook, though dough can be kneaded by hand
Making dough

The night before make the dough which will be left overnight in the fridge for a slow, cold rise to develop irresistibly tasty, naturally forming chemical compounds.  Put flour in the bowl of a bread mixer and make two wells, one for the yeast, sugar, and warm water and the other for salt and olive oil.


Mix for about 12 minutes until it is smooth and elastic.  Remove from hook and place in a lightly oiled bowl.  Flip the dough ball over so the oiled surface is on top.  Cover and keep it overnight in the fridge twelve hours as a minimum and twenty-four hours as the maximum.


Assembly

The next day, preheat oven and pans to 475 to 500 (as hot as you can bear working with such heat) degrees F.  Remove dough from the fridge and let warm to room temperature.


Lay out all the toppings.  Break up the cooked and cooled sausage meat into tiny pieces, using your fingers and separating the amount into two equal portions.  Put the sauteed mushrooms on a plate and separate into two equal portions.  Keep the sliced mozzarella and grated Parmesan close by, dividing them into two equal portions.  If tomatoes are fresh, remove skins by dipping briefly in boiling water and chop coarsely.  If canned, just chop them.  Divide the tomatoes into two equal portions.

Preparation of crusts

Weigh out into two equal balls.  Wrap one for the freezer for future pizzas and halve the remaining one.


Place the two smaller balls on their floured oven paper and flatten with your hands a bit.  Then with a finger depress all around the perimeter an inch in from the edge to allow for the crust.


As dough warms to room temperature, it will be easier to pull and press the balls into two round circles.


Finish stretching and pressing the two crusts till their diameters are roughly 20 cm, and the circle is about 1/8 to 1/4 thick.  I love this part of the process.  Perhaps it was my years of working with pottery clay and throwing pots that enables me to enjoy working with dough--my fingers became very sensitive to the thickness of clay walls as I would raise rotating cylinders on the wheel.  Pizza dough's stretchiness is pretty accommodating.  Your finger tips have loads of nerve endings, so let them tell you if the crust has been evenly stretched; just work out the thicker parts and fatten up the thinner parts as the dough is very elastic.  You could just press the dough into a round pan, but making a pizza circle free form is a lovely skill to have.


All the toppings are set out

Spread the tomatoes on both circles.  Lay the sliced mozzarella and sprinkle with the Parmesan.

These Mozzarella slice are too thick, so try to keep them much thinner

Distribute the sausage pieces and end with a layer of mushrooms.  Using a glass/wooden pastry board as a peel, slide the pie with its paper into the HOT pan/on the stone in the HOT oven.  Take great care in doing so, using adequate protection for your hands.


Bake for 6-7 minutes and then rotate the pans and bake for a further 6-7.  Remove the pans, sliding the pie and its paper on a cutting surface.  Since home ovens are way less hot than professional ones, the bottom will not have the characteristic spots of charring, but it should be a nice golden brown.  Using a pizza cutter or a sharp knife, make four slices The too thickly sliced Mozarella caused a cheese-lava spill--certainly a delicious and appetizing one--but still, causing a diminishing of its finger-food status.  And yes, I still fold these smaller triangles in half as a nostalgic gesture.

Any uneaten pizza can be frozen and be reheated either in a covered casserole in a 350 degrees F oven for about 30 to 45 minutes or in the microwave.  If still frozen, the pizza will take longer to get fully hot. And please, if you are one of those oddballs who enjoy congealed, tepid pizzas, I don't want to know about it!


With plentiful rain, the grass has grown tall and is too much a treat to be passed up by Dayo.


Autumn is the best time to plant garlic, though an early spring planting would work also.  I grew enough this season to be able to use my own stock. I am using the largest bulbs from the late July harvest.

The biggest heads are on the left

Per Margaret Roach at A Way to Garden if only the biggest garlic cloves are selected, then eventually all that will be harvested are jumbo heads of large cloves--artificial selection at work.  The cloves are separated and only the larger outer ones are planted.  The rest of course are happily eaten.  If in a pinch, it is possible as long as the garlic has not been treated to suppress sprouting, to use supermarket/farmer's market garlic for your planting.  If you are interested in growing your own or improving what you are already growing, make sure to check out the various relevant posts written by Margaret--she knows her stuff!


Loosen soil with a spade or fork, remove weeds, add compost, and rake level.  With the rake's end make furrows about 2 inches deep and 4-6 inches apart in a block bed.  Put cloves about 4-6 inches apart in each short row.  Cover the furrow with earth and tamp down.  Normally, I would thoroughly moisten the bed with a light spray, but the soil is still quite soppy from almost constant rain.  The rain is doing a good job preparing the garden for the winter as it is terribly stressful for plants to endure winter if their roots are dry.

Note the the few back rows are already tamped down

As the temperatures continue to fall, I am on the guard to protect any vulnerable plants and have potted up the chives.  They will spend the short winter on a sunny sous sol window.


There are several young sweet bay leaf (Laurus nobilis) shrubs in my gardenBay leaves are one of the ingredients comprising bouquet garni, an indispensable feature in French cuisine. The leaves are harvested from all around the plant as to prevent bare spots and set out to dry for about two-three days.  They are then stored in recycled spice bottles.  As their invigorating fragrance is one of my favourites, I often toss a nice handful into my hot bath.


There usually is one head of broccoli that bolts into flowering because of a surprise bout of warm weather.  Their soft-yellow is a welcomed addition to the typically sombre autumnal palette.


This Abelia with its lovely arching branches is about thirteen years old and spent most of its life in a small pot on the balcony of our Grenoble apartment.  It is very happy to be in real soil and to be near bees that love its honey fragrance and nectar, hence its name. It is a wonderful, semi-evergreen bush for the garden as it holds visual interest all year round.  It sparkly white flowers are mostly gone and in their place are red sepals.


À la prochaine!

RELATED POSTS

Improvements on my basic pizza recipe

Tuesday, 6 November 2012

Potato/Onion Soup with Herbs, Crème Fraîche, & Saucisses de Strasbourg

This recipe is simple to follow, requires no special tools, and takes about an hour to make.  It's creamy, tangy peasant fare--an inexpensive meal in a bowl.  Saucisses de Strasbourg are lightly smoked pork links which are a bit richer and less salty than frankfurters.


Some people have a low opinion of frankfurters, calling them rubber sticks, and some brands I am afraid do fit that description.  Besides being a native New Yorker who as an university student happily subsisted on dirty-water dogs sold from colourful street carts, my paternal side of the family hails from Alsace, the land of choucroute garnie.  Therefore, if death-by-pork holds no fear for me, a few slices of wurst in my soup bowl won't either.  Portion control and a balanced diet allows eating some items that would be problematic if consumed excessively in a generally bad diet.  What works well in this soup is flavourful, lightly smoked, slightly spicy, cooked sausage, so choose any charcuterie that fits this description.  I suspect knackwurst and maybe even kielbasa would turn out equally well.

The potato harvest, especially the wonderful Desiree variety with its yellow flesh and red skin, was fantastic this season.  I started to use my garden's taters in August and foresee enough in the cellier to last for another three months which means at present I am growing fifty percent of our potatoes, and we do eat a lot of them.  Yay! When the haulmes have turned mostly yellowish brown and flop over, then it is time to dig up the succulent tubers.  Using a large garden fork, I carefully loosen the earth around each mound.  Some of the tubers get snagged on the fork's tines tearing their skin, and those get eaten relatively soon.

Late-season Desiree

Mid-season Mona Lisa

I let the potatoes dry outside for an hour or so, and then put them in our root cellar for storage.  They need to be stored in a dark, cool, and not too dry spot, away from any stored apples which release ethylene causing potatoes to sprout.

Potato/Onion Soup with Herbs,  Crème Fraîche, and Saucisses de Strasbourg 
10-12 servings

  • Potatoes, all-purpose, 8 large
  • Parsley, fresh, 2 Tbls or dried, 1 Tbl
  • Dill, fresh, 1 Tbl or dried, 1 tsp
  • Chives, fresh 2 Tbls or dried, 1 Tbl
  • Crème fraîche, 25 cl/8 fluid ounces
  • Onions, finely minced, 120 grams (1 medium onion)
  • Butter, 2 teaspoons
  • Saucisses de Strasbourg, or the best frankfurters or other lightly smoked pork sausage you can buy, 10
  • Milk, 500 ml/16 fluid ounces (approximate, add til desired consistency is reached)
  • Salt and freshly ground pepper to taste

Mince the onions finely, and saute for about fifteen minutes over low heat until yellow, stirring occasionally to guard against any browning.  You want the onions to be softly mellowed not crisp or brown.


Scrub, peel, and cube potatoes.


Mince finely the herbs if fresh.  Kitchen shears are great for snipping chives.


Mix the herbs, cubed potatoes, and freshly ground black pepper with the sauteed onions.


Barely cover with water, and bring to a simmer for about twenty minutes or until the potatoes are tender.


While the soup is cooking, slice the saucisses and put them in a large bowl.  Of course, you can use less if desired.


When the potatoes are tender, remove half of them and add to the bowl with the saucisses.  Blend the remaining potatoes in the pot with a stick mixer or in a blender for about several minutes.  Use a light touch as potatoes get grey and gooey when worked too long. Using a potato masher would work also, though the soup will not be as smooth.  Add milk until the consistency is to your liking.


Then beat the crème fraîche with a wire whisk or a fork into the blended potato soup.  Yes, this could left out or the amount reduced.  I just eat smaller portions!


Put the reserved potatoes and the saucisses into the pot.  Heat for a few minutes for them to get warm, soft, and a bit puffy.  I wait until now to add salt, as the saucisses themselves salt the soup. Served piping hot, this savoury soup with a slight smoky overtone will warm you from the top of your head to the tips of your toes.  And I love that the onions, potatoes, and herbs are all from my garden.  However, this soup does not freeze all that well, so we tend to eat it several days in a row until it's all gone.



In the potager, both Dayo and I were glad to be out and about after five days of rain.  It is a delightful feeling when the sun comes out after a long spell of being hidden behind clouds.  The air is softly moist and everything smells fresh.




The Brussels sprouts are beginning to come in.  When the sprouts are about an inch in diameter, I snap them off starting at the bottom of the stalk and gradually work my way up as more come into maturitySometimes it is easier to remove the leaf first, and then harvest the sprout.  They are quite resistant to frost which actually sweetens them, making them a wonderful winter veggie.

Brussels sprouts are in the front and broccoli in the background

As with broccoli and cauliflower, they taste fantastic when roasted.  Elise over at Simply Recipes has a nice approach roasting these baby cabbages.   Since Brussels sprouts are just one cultivar of Brassica oleracea which includes cabbages, they are really baby cabbages.  I remember well the puzzled, young man who queried what strange veggie I had in my grocery basket.  When I told him, he asked me in all seriousness,  Can a person eat more than one at a sitting


In order to freeze a surplus, whether from your garden or farmer's market, rinse them, remove any blemished leaves and trim their bottoms if tough.  Put them in a pot of boiling water for two minutes.  Remove with a slotted spoon.

Emerald beauties

Immediately place under cold, running water to stop the cooking.  Dry well with a tea towel.  Put in a freezer bag.  Zip almost closed, leaving a small opening to insert a straw.  Draw out as much air as is possible, closing up the last bit as you do, and label.

À la prochaine!


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Tuesday, 30 October 2012

How to Make Borscht with Beef/Onion Dumplings

My mum-in-law gradually let out the specifics of this familial recipe through time--on one visit to her Yorkshire home, she admitted the lemon juice must be added shortly before serving, so as to prevent bitterness; in a car ride going through the snowy Alps, I was able to get her to confess she uses milk instead of water for making up the dumpling dough; on a visit to our Grenoble apartment, she divulged the addition of cèpes.   Her recipe is a Polish variant of the Ukrainian classic which means the borscht itself is a clear, ruby-coloured soup served over large beef/onion pierogis.
 

Though this recipe is labour intensive, it is truly worth it.  Traditionally served at dinner on Christmas Eve, it has now become such a favourite, we eat it throughout winter.  Garden-fresh beets impart a satisfying earthiness to this soup, so if you don't have your own, try to get some from a friend's garden or a farmer's market.


Scrub beets well with a veggie brush.  Trim tops from an inch or so above the root.  The tails can be left on or also trimmed an inch below the beet.  Such judicious trimming lessens bleedingBoil the beets till tender, around 30 minutes. Test if ready by inserting a small knife into the centre of a beet--does less damage than a fork--starting with the smaller ones.   Strain the water in which the beets were boiled and reserve.  Rub off skins under running water. Slice a bit off the frequently bitter top and bottom parts of the peeled beet. The beets can be used in recipes right away or frozen.  The vibrantly delicious greens themselves can be braised in a small amount of water and butter or olive oil along with some minced garlic and seasoned with a dash of vinegar and fleur de sel.


If you can only locate already cooked and shrink-wrapped beets, so be it.  However, I am ignorant regarding canned beets, but I suspect they would work also.

This recipe takes two days:  first day is devoted to simmering the broth and the simultaneous stewing of the beef, and the second is spent making the soup, dumpling dough, and dumpling filling.  I make the broth by covering about two kilograms of a bony, braising beef cut with cold water and slowly bringing to a boil.  Bay leaf, parsley, thyme, black peppercorns, several quartered onions, lovage or a few stalks of celery, several carrots, and a large pinch of powdered cloves are added to the pot. The meat usually becomes tender within three hours.  I remove it, separating the meat from the bones and return the bones to the soup pot for another hour.  The broth is then strained and any fat skimmed off, while the meat is trimmed of any undesirable bits and cut in chunks.  Keep both in the fridge until needed.

A caution I am afraid is necessary though I want everybody to try this recipe:  a food processor is rather important for kneading the dough, mincing the onions, and grinding the cooked beef. Of course the dough can be kneaded by hand, and the beef and onions minced via a knife.  But this recipe is lot of work even with a processor. 

Ingredients

  • Beets, about 4-5 medium, about 500 grams, cooked and diced small
  • Beef broth, 1.5 liters, preferably homemade, or the best quality you can buy
  • cèpes, dried, a small handful
  • Beet juices/cèpes liquid, about .5 liter
  • Salt and freshly ground pepper
  • Lemon juice from a freshly squeezed lemon
  • Onions, finely minced, 250 grams
  • Butter, 60 grams
  • Beef, cooked and ground,  600 grams
  • Flour, 600 grams
  • Milk, 325 ml

Borscht 
twelve servings

Cover cèpes with boiling water and let soften for about fifteen minutes.  While waiting, start making the dough (See below).


Once cèpes are soft, rinse them at least twice, straining the liquid. 
Taste a bit to ensure you washed all the grit out.


Mince them and put into a large pot along with the measured, strained, soaking liquid, beef broth, and beet juices.   It will be the beet juices that will give the lovely colour to the borscht.  Bring just under the boil and simmer for about ten minutes until the cèpes are tender Cube the beets and add them.  Season to taste with salt and freshly ground black pepper.  Reserve off the heat.


When ready to serve, reheat and add the lemon juice.

Dumpling dough

Put flour in a standup mixer, add milk and 1/2 teaspoon of salt.  Process for about twelve minutes until smooth and elastic.  Add additional flour to get a non-sticky dough.  The dough however needs to be moist and pliable.


Weigh out into four equal balls and keep moist under a clean, well wrung-out tea towel.


Dumpling filling 

Mince finely the onions and saute slowly in the butter over low heat until onions are a mellow yellow and have hardly any raw taste.  Reserve.


While onions are being sauteed, grind the meat with two beaten eggs.


Add the sauteed onions into the large bowl with the minced beef.  Season with salt and freshly ground pepper.  Mix thoroughly.  The filling needs to be moist without being wet.


Assembling the dumplings
makes 30 large dumplings

Take one ball and flatten it.  Put a tea towel under a floured board to prevent it from moving.


Roll out to about 1/4 inch thick. Sprinkle flour to prevent the rolling pin from sticking if necessary.


Trim to make a neat rectangle--collect all the trimmings to make a fifth ball--and partition into 6 equal parts, each measuring about three square inches.


Place a rounded tablespoon of filling in the centre of each of the squares, pulling up two diagonal corners and press them together.


Seal in such a way that there will be--you may need to make pleats--little triangles remaining on both endsThis ensures that the sealed dumpling will be a pleasing, triangular shape.

The seal needs to be placed evenly along the top edge

Finish the sealing.   Putting the dumpling on a side, starting from the edge and going in about not more an inch, squeeze the air out of the filling so as to have a nice, plump dumpling.  Then make a pleated edge:  starting from the left side of the dumpling, slip your left, middle finger under the dumpling's edge with the thumb on top of the edge, moving your index finger close to your thumb and as the pleat is formed, lift your thumb.  Do a series of pleats to the other end of the dumpling.  You can do a trial run first on some test dough edges.  This edge finishing is good for empanadas and calzones so it is a nice technique to know.  Any scraps of dough can be made into small balls to be boiled along with the dumplings.

Note the pleated dumpling in the background

Boil in batches of six for about six minutes, using a medium-sized pot.  Just after they are put into the boiling water, gently stir up from the bottom and along the sides to prevent the dumplings from sticking.  The dumplings will rise to the top and look shiny when done.  Remove gently with a slotted spoon and keep warm on a serving plate or shallow bowl.


Put two dumplings in a soup plate and cover with a few ladles of borscht.


Though it takes planning and time to make this low caloric, inexpensive, and nutritious soup, it is a superb meal.  Surplus, cool soup or dumplings can be easily frozen.  Also, boiling the dumplings makes the kitchen nice and steamy, a comforting effect on a nippy day--not to mention fun, because steamy windows invite your fingers to trace patterns on them.  I usually draw flowers...or houses with working chimneys...or geometric figures...

In the potager, the cold nights call for my covering certain crops with horticultural fleece and putting vulnerable pots inside on a sunny sous sol window sill or keeping them in the cold frame outside.  Dayo does his best to keep warm the potted-up strawberry runners in the cold frame.


À la prochaine!

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